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Intro: The COVID-19 pandemic continues to spread worldwide, and it is likely to overlap with the dengue epidemics in tropical countries. Although most children and young people who develop COVID-19 have no symptoms or very mild ones at the time, we now know that a small number develop Paediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome (PIMS) a few weeks afterwards. Due to overlapping of clinical and laboratory features, it may be difficult to distinguish PIMS from dengue fever. So this study was undertaken to analyse the clinical features and laboratory investigations in these patients. Method(s): We retrospectively studied the case records of 21 patients diagnosed as pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (based on WHO case definition) and dengue fever (either NS1 antigen positive or IgM antibody positive). A total of 106 patients were diagnosed with dengue fever. Out of these SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were positive in 57 patients. However, only 21 patients full filled the case definition for multi-inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Clinical features and laboratory investigations were entered in a proforma and results analysed. Finding(s): Out of 21 children's maximum children were older than 10 years age (76.2%). Commonest finding on abdominal sonography was gall bladder wall edema followed by ascites. Thrombocytopenia was seen in 18 (85.7 %) patients at admission and in 14 (66.7%) platelets were less than 50000/mm3.LDH was raised in 19 (90.4%), Ferritin in 18 (85.7%) and D-Dimer in 13 (61.9%) of patients (Table 2). Fever was seen in all the patients,17 (80.9%) patients had shock on admission. Rash was seen in 15 (71.4 %) of the patients. All the patients were discharged. Conclusion(s): Many of clinical features are common to both diseases. However, increased levels of serum ferritin, d-dimer and CRP are more commonly seen in pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome due to covid as compared to lower platelet counts which are more frequently seen in dengue fever patients.Copyright © 2023
ABSTRACT
Introduction: It is necessary to prioritize occupational welfare, safety of dental students and health professionals to reduce coronavirus transmission, to offer the best benefit for patients. Aim: To assess knowledge regarding standard operating procedures to be adhered in clinical setting during pandemic amongst undergraduate, postgraduate dental students and dental interns of dental colleges in northwest region, Karnataka. Materials and Methods: This observational cross-sectional study was undertaken in dental colleges in northwest region, Karnataka from January 2021 to February 2021. Sample size was estimated to be 360 based on a pilot study. Participants were selected by the simple random sampling technique and were interviewed using a questionnaire comprising of 20 close-ended questions. The questionnaire was evaluated for reliability with Cronbach's α value of 0.82, face validity 0.85%, and content validity ratio 0.76. The collected data was entered in MS Excel and analysed using Statistical Package of the Social Science (IBM-SPSS) statistics-version 21 using descriptive analysis, Chi-square analysis, spearman's correlation coefficient test, and regression. Results: The mean age of the participants was 24.6±1.35 years with marked gender distribution of 261 (72.5%) females and 99 (27.5%) males. Overall knowledge score for the standard operating procedure to be adhered during the pandemic was found to be 10.92±1.96 (undergraduates), 12.68±1.80 (postgraduates) and 11.55±1.82 (interns). More than half of the respondents 57.78% displayed a moderate level of knowledge. Spearman's correlation coefficient test revealed a high statistically significant difference between awareness about Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among participants and recommended masks during the procedure. Conclusion: Postgraduate students had higher knowledge regarding standard operating procedures to be adhered in dental clinics compared to undergraduate students and interns. It's necessary that dental students are aware of latest infection control guidelines and implement them into their practices right from beginning.
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Objective To identify clinical and laboratory features that differentiate dengue fever patients from MIS-C patients and determine their outcomes. Methods This comparative cross-sectional study was done at a tertiary care teaching institute. We enrolled all hospitalized children aged 1 month-18 years and diagnosed with either MIS-C and/or dengue fever according to WHO criteria between June and December, 2020. Clinical and laboratory features and outcomes were recorded on a structured proforma. Results During the study period 34 cases of MIS-C and 83 cases of Dengue fever were enrolled. Mean age of MIS-C cases (male, 86.3%) was 7.89 (4.61) years. MIS-C with shock was seen in 15 cases (44%), MIS-C without shock in 17 cases (50%) and Kawasaki disease-like presentation in 2 cases (6%). Patients of MIS-C were younger as compared to dengue fever (P=0.002). Abdominal pain and erythematous rash were more common in dengue fever. Of the inflammatory markers, mean C reactive protein was higher in MIS-C patients [100.2 (85.1) vs 16.9 (29.3) mg/dL] (P<0.001). In contrast, serum ferritin levels were higher in dengue fever patients (P=0.03). Mean hospital stay (patient days) was longer in MIS- C compared to dengue fever (8.6 vs 6.5 days;P=0.014). Conclusions Clinical and laboratory features can give important clues to differentiate dengue fever and MIS-C and help initiate specific treatment.
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OBJECTIVE: To identify clinical and laboratory features that differentiate dengue fever patients from MIS-C patients and determine their outcomes. METHODS: This comparative cross-sectional study was done at tertiary care teaching institute. We enrolled all hospitalized children aged 1 month - 18 years and diagnosed with either MIS-C and/or dengue fever according to WHO criteria between June and December, 2020. Clinical and laboratory features and outcomes were recorded on a structured proforma. RESULTS: During the study period 34 cases of MIS-C and 83 cases of Dengue fever were enrolled. Mean age of MIS-C cases (male, 86.3%) was 7.89 (4.61) years. Of 34 cases, MIS-C with shock was seen in 15 cases (44%), MIS-C without shock, 17 cases (50%) and Kawasaki disease-like presentation in 2 cases (6%). Patients of MIS-C were younger as compared to dengue fever (P=0.002). Conjunctival injection and swelling of hand and feet were more commonly seen in MIS-C. Abdominal pain and erythematous rash were more common in dengue fever. Of the inflammatory markers, mean C reactive protein was higher in MIS-C patients, than dengue fever patients [100.2 (85.1) vs 16.9 (29.3) mg/dL (P<0.001). In contrast, serum ferritin levels were higher in dengue fever patients (P=0.03). Need for mechanical ventilation was significantly more in MIS-C cases. Mean hospital stay was longer in MIS- C patients days compared to dengue fever (8.6 vs 6.5 days;P=0.014). CONCLUSION: Clinical and laboratory features can give important clues to differentiate dengue fever and MIS-C and help initiate specific treatment.
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BACKGROUND The present Covid-19 situation has created an era of learning through the electronic devices, where YouTube channel is playing an important role. Neuroanatomy is a complex subject requiring three-dimensional orientation of the structures. Practical teaching by using the cadaveric specimens is a usual practice, but in the current situation the virtual platform is an indispensable and sustainable option for both teaching and learning activities. In the present study the utility of YouTube and digital content on neuroanatomy was assessed among I MBBS students using selfadministered questionnaire during Covid-19 pandemic. METHODS The questionnaire based cross sectional study of prosected neuroanatomy specimens in the department of Anatomy were utilized to create digital content modules. According to the topics, PDF content was generated, and it was shared before the commencement of virtual class. Later YouTube link was shared with our I MBBS students through social media platforms like WhatsApp and Facebook regularly. At the end of completion of whole teaching schedule, a questionnaire was circulated to obtain the feedback on this teaching method. Finally, the responses were collected and interpreted. RESULTS In the present survey, 257 participants (176 females and 81 males) from 10 medical colleges responded to all 12 items of the questionnaire. We observed that 36 % of them graded excellent for content, 25 % for audio quality, 21 % for video quality, 29 % for specimens used, 25 % for labelling of specimens in YouTube videos. Out of 257 responses 35 % of them were graded excellent for pdf content, 30 % for pictorial representation of brain specimens, 30 % for labelling and 24 % for length. For overall rating for teaching learning method 35 % of them graded 8, 17 % graded 9 and 7 % of them have graded 10. CONCLUSIONS This mode of learning can be used for the purpose of distal education as per the convenience of the students, who are presently staying away from the campus. Our students have taken the benefit of teaching where the PDF and YouTube contents were appreciated by large number of students.